API Reference - flwr¶

client¶

Flower client.

Client¶

class flwr.client.Client[source]¶

Abstract base class for Flower clients.

abstract evaluate(ins: flwr.common.typing.EvaluateIns) → flwr.common.typing.EvaluateRes [source]¶

Evaluate the provided weights using the locally held dataset.

Parameters: ins (EvaluateIns) – The evaluation instructions containing (global) model parameters received from the server and a dictionary of configuration values used to customize the local evaluation process.
Returns: The evaluation result containing the loss on the local dataset and other details such as the number of local data examples used for evaluation.
Return type: EvaluateRes

abstract fit(ins: flwr.common.typing.FitIns) → flwr.common.typing.FitRes [source]¶

Refine the provided weights using the locally held dataset.

Parameters: ins (FitIns) – The training instructions containing (global) model parameters received from the server and a dictionary of configuration values used to customize the local training process.
Returns: The training result containing updated parameters and other details such as the number of local training examples used for training.
Return type: FitRes

abstract get_parameters() → flwr.common.typing.ParametersRes [source]¶

Return the current local model parameters.

Returns: The current local model parameters.
Return type: ParametersRes

start_client¶

flwr.client.start_client(server_address: str, client: flwr.client.client.Client, grpc_max_message_length: int = 536870912) → None[source]¶

Start a Flower Client which connects to a gRPC server.

Parameters

server_address – str. The IPv6 address of the server. If the Flower server runs on the same machine on port 8080, then server_address would be “[::]:8080”.
client – flwr.client.Client. An implementation of the abstract base class flwr.client.Client.
grpc_max_message_length – int (default: 536_870_912, this equals 512MB). The maximum length of gRPC messages that can be exchanged with the Flower server. The default should be sufficient for most models. Users who train very large models might need to increase this value. Note that the Flower server needs to be started with the same value (see flwr.server.start_server), otherwise it will not know about the increased limit and block larger messages.

Returns

None.

NumPyClient¶

class flwr.client.NumPyClient[source]¶

Abstract base class for Flower clients using NumPy.

abstract evaluate(parameters: List[numpy.ndarray], config: Dict[str, Union[bool, bytes, float, int, str]]) → Union[Tuple[float, int, Dict[str, Union[bool, bytes, float, int, str]]], Tuple[int, float, float], Tuple[int, float, float, Dict[str, Union[bool, bytes, float, int, str]]]][source]¶

Evaluate the provided weights using the locally held dataset.

Parameters

parameters (List[np.ndarray]) – The current (global) model parameters.
config (Dict[str, Scalar]) – Configuration parameters which allow the server to influence evaluation on the client. It can be used to communicate arbitrary values from the server to the client, for example, to influence the number of examples used for evaluation.

Returns

loss (float) – The evaluation loss of the model on the local dataset.
num_examples (int) – The number of examples used for evaluation.
metrics (Dict[str, Scalar]) – A dictionary mapping arbitrary string keys to values of type bool, bytes, float, int, or str. It can be used to communicate arbitrary values back to the server.

Warning

The previous return type format (int, float, float) and the extended format (int, float, float, Dict[str, Scalar]) are still supported for compatibility reasons. They will however be removed in a future release, please migrate to (float, int, Dict[str, Scalar]).

abstract fit(parameters: List[numpy.ndarray], config: Dict[str, Union[bool, bytes, float, int, str]]) → Union[Tuple[List[numpy.ndarray], int, Dict[str, Union[bool, bytes, float, int, str]]], Tuple[List[numpy.ndarray], int]][source]¶

Train the provided parameters using the locally held dataset.

Parameters

parameters (List[numpy.ndarray]) – The current (global) model parameters.
config (Dict[str, Scalar]) – Configuration parameters which allow the server to influence training on the client. It can be used to communicate arbitrary values from the server to the client, for example, to set the number of (local) training epochs.

Returns

parameters (List[numpy.ndarray]) – The locally updated model parameters.
num_examples (int) – The number of examples used for training.
metrics (Dict[str, Scalar]) – A dictionary mapping arbitrary string keys to values of type bool, bytes, float, int, or str. It can be used to communicate arbitrary values back to the server.

abstract get_parameters() → List[numpy.ndarray][source]¶

Return the current local model parameters.

Returns: parameters – The local model parameters as a list of NumPy ndarrays.
Return type: List[numpy.ndarray]

start_numpy_client¶

flwr.client.start_numpy_client(server_address: str, client: flwr.client.numpy_client.NumPyClient, grpc_max_message_length: int = 536870912) → None[source]¶

Start a Flower NumPyClient which connects to a gRPC server.

Parameters

server_address – str. The IPv6 address of the server. If the Flower server runs on the same machine on port 8080, then server_address would be “[::]:8080”.
client – flwr.client.NumPyClient. An implementation of the abstract base class flwr.client.NumPyClient.
grpc_max_message_length – int (default: 536_870_912, this equals 512MB). The maximum length of gRPC messages that can be exchanged with the Flower server. The default should be sufficient for most models. Users who train very large models might need to increase this value. Note that the Flower server needs to be started with the same value (see flwr.server.start_server), otherwise it will not know about the increased limit and block larger messages.

Returns

None.

server¶

Flower server.

server.start_server¶

flwr.server.start_server(server_address: str = '[::]:8080', server: Optional[flwr.server.server.Server] = None, config: Optional[Dict[str, int]] = None, strategy: Optional[flwr.server.strategy.strategy.Strategy] = None, grpc_max_message_length: int = 536870912, force_final_distributed_eval: bool = False) → None[source]¶

Start a Flower server using the gRPC transport layer.

Parameters

server_address – Optional[str] (default: “[::]:8080”). The IPv6 address of the server.
server – Optional[flwr.server.Server] (default: None). An implementation of the abstract base class flwr.server.Server. If no instance is provided, then start_server will create one.
config – Optional[Dict[str, int]] (default: None). The only currently supported values is num_rounds, so a full configuration object instructing the server to perform three rounds of federated learning looks like the following: {“num_rounds”: 3}.
strategy – Optional[flwr.server.Strategy] (default: None). An implementation of the abstract base class flwr.server.Strategy. If no strategy is provided, then start_server will use flwr.server.strategy.FedAvg.
grpc_max_message_length – int (default: 536_870_912, this equals 512MB). The maximum length of gRPC messages that can be exchanged with the Flower clients. The default should be sufficient for most models. Users who train very large models might need to increase this value. Note that the Flower clients need to be started with the same value (see flwr.client.start_client), otherwise clients will not know about the increased limit and block larger messages.
force_final_distributed_eval – bool (default: False). Forces a distributed evaulation to occur after the last training epoch when enabled.

Returns

None.

server.strategy¶

Contains the strategy abstraction and different implementations.

server.strategy.Strategy¶

class flwr.server.strategy.Strategy[source]¶

Abstract base class for server strategy implementations.

abstract aggregate_evaluate(rnd: int, results: List[Tuple[flwr.server.client_proxy.ClientProxy, flwr.common.typing.EvaluateRes]], failures: List[BaseException]) → Optional[Union[Tuple[Optional[float], Dict[str, Union[bool, bytes, float, int, str]]], float]][source]¶

Aggregate evaluation results.

Parameters

rnd – int. The current round of federated learning.
results – List[Tuple[ClientProxy, FitRes]]. Successful updates from the previously selected and configured clients. Each pair of (ClientProxy, FitRes constitutes a successful update from one of the previously selected clients. Not that not all previously selected clients are necessarily included in this list: a client might drop out and not submit a result. For each client that did not submit an update, there should be an Exception in failures.
failures – List[BaseException]. Exceptions that occurred while the server was waiting for client updates.

Returns

Optional float representing the aggregated evaluation result. Aggregation typically uses some variant of a weighted average.

abstract aggregate_fit(rnd: int, results: List[Tuple[flwr.server.client_proxy.ClientProxy, flwr.common.typing.FitRes]], failures: List[BaseException]) → Optional[Union[Tuple[Optional[flwr.common.typing.Parameters], Dict[str, Union[bool, bytes, float, int, str]]], List[numpy.ndarray]]][source]¶

Aggregate training results.

Parameters

rnd (int) – The current round of federated learning.
results (List[Tuple[ClientProxy, FitRes]]) – Successful updates from the previously selected and configured clients. Each pair of (ClientProxy, FitRes) constitutes a successful update from one of the previously selected clients. Not that not all previously selected clients are necessarily included in this list: a client might drop out and not submit a result. For each client that did not submit an update, there should be an Exception in failures.
failures (List[BaseException]) – Exceptions that occurred while the server was waiting for client updates.

Returns

parameters – If parameters are returned, then the server will treat these as the new global model parameters (i.e., it will replace the previous parameters with the ones returned from this method). If None is returned (e.g., because there were only failures and no viable results) then the server will no update the previous model parameters, the updates received in this round are discarded, and the global model parameters remain the same.

Return type

Parameters (optional)

abstract configure_evaluate(rnd: int, parameters: flwr.common.typing.Parameters, client_manager: flwr.server.client_manager.ClientManager) → List[Tuple[flwr.server.client_proxy.ClientProxy, flwr.common.typing.EvaluateIns]][source]¶

Configure the next round of evaluation.

Parameters

rnd – Integer. The current round of federated learning.
parameters – Parameters. The current (global) model parameters.
client_manager – ClientManager. The client manager which holds all currently connected clients.

Returns

A list of tuples. Each tuple in the list identifies a ClientProxy and the EvaluateIns for this particular ClientProxy. If a particular ClientProxy is not included in this list, it means that this ClientProxy will not participate in the next round of federated evaluation.

abstract configure_fit(rnd: int, parameters: flwr.common.typing.Parameters, client_manager: flwr.server.client_manager.ClientManager) → List[Tuple[flwr.server.client_proxy.ClientProxy, flwr.common.typing.FitIns]][source]¶

Configure the next round of training.

Parameters

rnd (int) – The current round of federated learning.
parameters (Parameters) – The current (global) model parameters.
client_manager (ClientManager) – The client manager which holds all currently connected clients.

Returns

A list of tuples. Each tuple in the list identifies a ClientProxy and the
FitIns for this particular ClientProxy. If a particular ClientProxy
is not included in this list, it means that this ClientProxy
will not participate in the next round of federated learning.

abstract evaluate(parameters: flwr.common.typing.Parameters) → Optional[Tuple[float, Dict[str, Union[bool, bytes, float, int, str]]]][source]¶

Evaluate the current model parameters.

This function can be used to perform centralized (i.e., server-side) evaluation of model parameters.

Parameters: parameters – Parameters. The current (global) model parameters.
Returns: The evaluation result, usually a Tuple containing loss and a dictionary containing task-specific metrics (e.g., accuracy).

abstract initialize_parameters(client_manager: flwr.server.client_manager.ClientManager) → Optional[flwr.common.typing.Parameters][source]¶

Initialize the (global) model parameters.

Parameters: client_manager (ClientManager. The client manager which holds all currently) – connected clients.
Returns: parameters – If parameters are returned, then the server will treat these as the initial global model parameters.
Return type: Parameters (optional)

server.strategy.FedAvg¶

class flwr.server.strategy.FedAvg(fraction_fit: float = 0.1, fraction_eval: float = 0.1, min_fit_clients: int = 2, min_eval_clients: int = 2, min_available_clients: int = 2, eval_fn: Optional[Callable[[List[numpy.ndarray]], Optional[Tuple[float, Dict[str, Union[bool, bytes, float, int, str]]]]]] = None, on_fit_config_fn: Optional[Callable[[int], Dict[str, Union[bool, bytes, float, int, str]]]] = None, on_evaluate_config_fn: Optional[Callable[[int], Dict[str, Union[bool, bytes, float, int, str]]]] = None, accept_failures: bool = True, initial_parameters: Optional[flwr.common.typing.Parameters] = None)[source]¶

Configurable FedAvg strategy implementation.

__init__(fraction_fit: float = 0.1, fraction_eval: float = 0.1, min_fit_clients: int = 2, min_eval_clients: int = 2, min_available_clients: int = 2, eval_fn: Optional[Callable[[List[numpy.ndarray]], Optional[Tuple[float, Dict[str, Union[bool, bytes, float, int, str]]]]]] = None, on_fit_config_fn: Optional[Callable[[int], Dict[str, Union[bool, bytes, float, int, str]]]] = None, on_evaluate_config_fn: Optional[Callable[[int], Dict[str, Union[bool, bytes, float, int, str]]]] = None, accept_failures: bool = True, initial_parameters: Optional[flwr.common.typing.Parameters] = None) → None[source]¶

Federated Averaging strategy.

Implementation based on https://arxiv.org/abs/1602.05629

Parameters

fraction_fit (float, optional) – Fraction of clients used during training. Defaults to 0.1.
fraction_eval (float, optional) – Fraction of clients used during validation. Defaults to 0.1.
min_fit_clients (int, optional) – Minimum number of clients used during training. Defaults to 2.
min_eval_clients (int, optional) – Minimum number of clients used during validation. Defaults to 2.
min_available_clients (int, optional) – Minimum number of total clients in the system. Defaults to 2.
eval_fn (Callable[[Weights], Optional[Tuple[float, Dict[str, Scalar]]]]) – Optional function used for validation. Defaults to None.
on_fit_config_fn (Callable[[int], Dict[str, Scalar]], optional) – Function used to configure training. Defaults to None.
on_evaluate_config_fn (Callable[[int], Dict[str, Scalar]], optional) – Function used to configure validation. Defaults to None.
accept_failures (bool, optional) – Whether or not accept rounds containing failures. Defaults to True.
initial_parameters (Parameters, optional) – Initial global model parameters.

aggregate_evaluate(rnd: int, results: List[Tuple[flwr.server.client_proxy.ClientProxy, flwr.common.typing.EvaluateRes]], failures: List[BaseException]) → Tuple[Optional[float], Dict[str, Union[bool, bytes, float, int, str]]][source]¶: Aggregate evaluation losses using weighted average.

aggregate_fit(rnd: int, results: List[Tuple[flwr.server.client_proxy.ClientProxy, flwr.common.typing.FitRes]], failures: List[BaseException]) → Tuple[Optional[flwr.common.typing.Parameters], Dict[str, Union[bool, bytes, float, int, str]]][source]¶: Aggregate fit results using weighted average.

configure_evaluate(rnd: int, parameters: flwr.common.typing.Parameters, client_manager: flwr.server.client_manager.ClientManager) → List[Tuple[flwr.server.client_proxy.ClientProxy, flwr.common.typing.EvaluateIns]][source]¶: Configure the next round of evaluation.

configure_fit(rnd: int, parameters: flwr.common.typing.Parameters, client_manager: flwr.server.client_manager.ClientManager) → List[Tuple[flwr.server.client_proxy.ClientProxy, flwr.common.typing.FitIns]][source]¶: Configure the next round of training.

evaluate(parameters: flwr.common.typing.Parameters) → Optional[Tuple[float, Dict[str, Union[bool, bytes, float, int, str]]]][source]¶: Evaluate model parameters using an evaluation function.

initialize_parameters(client_manager: flwr.server.client_manager.ClientManager) → Optional[flwr.common.typing.Parameters][source]¶: Initialize global model parameters.

num_evaluation_clients(num_available_clients: int) → Tuple[int, int][source]¶: Use a fraction of available clients for evaluation.

num_fit_clients(num_available_clients: int) → Tuple[int, int][source]¶: Return the sample size and the required number of available clients.

typing¶

Flower type definitions.

class flwr.common.typing.Disconnect(reason: str)[source]¶: Disconnect message from client to server.

class flwr.common.typing.EvaluateIns(parameters: flwr.common.typing.Parameters, config: Dict[str, Union[bool, bytes, float, int, str]])[source]¶: Evaluate instructions for a client.

class flwr.common.typing.EvaluateRes(loss: float, num_examples: int, accuracy: Optional[float] = None, metrics: Optional[Dict[str, Union[bool, bytes, float, int, str]]] = None)[source]¶: Evaluate response from a client.

class flwr.common.typing.FitIns(parameters: flwr.common.typing.Parameters, config: Dict[str, Union[bool, bytes, float, int, str]])[source]¶: Fit instructions for a client.

class flwr.common.typing.FitRes(parameters: flwr.common.typing.Parameters, num_examples: int, num_examples_ceil: Optional[int] = None, fit_duration: Optional[float] = None, metrics: Optional[Dict[str, Union[bool, bytes, float, int, str]]] = None)[source]¶: Fit response from a client.

class flwr.common.typing.Parameters(tensors: List[bytes], tensor_type: str)[source]¶: Model parameters.

class flwr.common.typing.ParametersRes(parameters: flwr.common.typing.Parameters)[source]¶: Response when asked to return parameters.

class flwr.common.typing.Reconnect(seconds: Optional[int])[source]¶: Reconnect message from server to client.

Flower 0.17.0

API Reference - flwr¶

client¶

Client¶

start_client¶

NumPyClient¶

start_numpy_client¶

server¶

server.start_server¶

server.strategy¶

server.strategy.Strategy¶

server.strategy.FedAvg¶

typing¶